Duct silencers are devices installed in ventilation ducts to reduce aerodynamic noise. They absorb or reflect sound energy using sound-absorbing materials (such as glass wool or rock wool) or special structures (such as expansion chambers or perforated plates). Based on their operating principles, they are classified as resistive, reactive, or combined resistive-reactive types. Resistive silencers are designed for medium- to high-frequency noise (such as that from air conditioning fans), while reactive silencers are suitable for low-frequency noise (such as that from air compressors). They feature low airflow resistance and a wide noise attenuation frequency range. They are typically constructed of galvanized steel or stainless steel, with their inner walls lined with fire-resistant sound-absorbing material.